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Absence of Cerebrospinal Fluid Signs of Neuronal Injury Before and After Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy in Acute HIV Infection
Conclusions. CSF NFL levels are not elevated in untreated acute HIV infection or after 6 months of immediately initiated cART but are abnormal in chronic HIV infection before and after treatment. In acute HIV infection, CSF NFL levels are inversely associated with neuroimaging markers of neuronal health.
Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases - November 4, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Peluso, M. J., Valcour, V., Ananworanich, J., Sithinamsuwan, P., Chalermchai, T., Fletcher, J. L. K., Lerdlum, S., Chomchey, N., Slike, B., Sailasuta, N., Gisslen, M., Zetterberg, H., Spudich, S., on behalf of the RV254/SEARCH 010 and SEARCH 011 Study Tea Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research
Socioeconomic and demographic statuses as determinants of adherence to antiretroviral treatment in HIV infected patients: A systematic review of the literature.
CONCLUSION: The majority of the reviewed studies reported that there is no association between socio-demographic and economic variables and adherence to therapy. Whereas, some studies show that age of HIV patients (per year increasing) and sex (being male) were positively associated with adherence to ART. Among socio-economic factors, the available evidence does not provide conclusive support for the existence of a clear association with adherence to ART among HIV patients. There seems to be a positive trend between socioeconomic factors and adherence to ART in some of the reviewed studies.
PMID: 31538899 [PubMed - as...
Source: Current HIV Research - September 18, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Azmach NN, Hamza TA, Husen AA Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
Harnessing digital data and data science to achieve 90–90–90 goals to end the HIV epidemic
Purpose of review
Effective public health interventions depend on timely, accurate surveillance. Harnessing digital data (including internet searches, social media, and online media) and data science is an emerging approach to complement traditional surveillance in public health but has been underutilized in HIV prevention and treatment.
Recent findings
We highlight recent examples that illustrate how social media data can be applied to HIV surveillance and prevention interventions.
Summary
To achieve 90–90–90 goals to end the HIV epidemic, we encourage traditional public health researchers to partner with data...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - October 7, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: ENDING HIV: PROGRESS TO 90–90–90: Edited by Carlos del Rio Source Type: research
The Top 5 Stories in HIV Medicine for 2016 The Top 5 Stories in HIV Medicine for 2016
Dr Sax reveals his picks for the top 5 stories in HIV medicine, including the approval of drug combinations and gains made in the search for a cure.Medscape HIV/AIDS
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - January 20, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS Commentary Source Type: news
Challenges and opportunities for hepatitis B cure in the setting of HIV--hepatitis B virus co-infection
Purpose of review
To examine issues specific to HIV--HBV co-infection that are relevant to the search for and achieving hepatitis B cure in this the setting
Recent findings
In HIV--HBV co-infection, high rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss early after initiation of HBV-active antiretroviral therapy (ART) have previously been reported. Between 2012 and 2016, HBsAg loss from 2.8 to 23% was reported in numerous studies, including those already on suppressive HBV-active ART. Data published in 2018–2019 show that these rates have remained fairly stable (3.0–13.9%). However, it appears that higher HBsAg lo...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - April 6, 2020 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV AND HEPATITIS B CURE: Edited by Sharon R. Lewin and Peter A. Revill Source Type: research
Latest HIV Cure Data Expose Resilience of InfectionLatest HIV Cure Data Expose Resilience of Infection
Disappointing results from SEARCH 19 and other recent studies are a challenge for researchers, who must balance progress with the fact that most patients are doing well on antiretroviral therapy. Medscape Medical News
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - July 19, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS News Source Type: news
Latest HIV Cure Data Expose Resilience of Infection Latest HIV Cure Data Expose Resilience of Infection
Disappointing results from SEARCH 19 and other recent studies are a challenge for researchers, who must balance progress with the fact that most patients are doing well on antiretroviral therapy. Medscape Medical News
Source: Medscape Hiv-Aids Headlines - July 19, 2016 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV/AIDS News Source Type: news
Nigeria: HIV Vaccine Search Lags After Plans
[Daily Trust]Nearly a year after Nigeria launched its revised plans for HIV vaccine, it is yet to come up with a potential candidate vaccine, experts say.
Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs - August 22, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news
Epidemiology of HIV Infection in Women and Children: A Global Perspective.
Abstract
The global epidemiology of HIV/AIDS is rapidly evolving in low and middle income countries. Women and adolescent females in sub-Saharan Africa are at risk of HIV acquisition due to a myriad of complex biological, behavioral and structural factors. Primary HIV infection among women primarily drives the pediatric HIV epidemic. Postnatal transmission of HIV during breastfeeding is a major concern in LMIC, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where breastfeeding remains the only feasible, safe and culturally acceptable infant feeding choice. Given the remarkable discoveries in biomedical interventions to preven...
Source: Current HIV Research - February 21, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Shetty AK Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
Oxidative Stress in HIV Patients receiving Antiretroviral Therapy.
Abstract
Oxidative stress, defined as the imbalance between the oxidant and antioxidant systems, is thought to be associated with the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It has been observed that perturbations in antioxidant defense systems, and consequently redox imbalance, are present in many tissues of HIV-infected patients. Existing evidences suggest that oxidative stress may contribute to different stages of viral life cycle including viral replication and its consequences such as inflammatory response and decreased immune cell proliferation. The level of production of free radical sp...
Source: Current HIV Research - April 1, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sharma B Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
Editorial: Impact of Alcohol on HIV Related Issues in Human Population or Model System.
Abstract
Alcohol abuse and AIDS remain two of the leading public health problems, not only in the United States but throughout the world. Approximately amongst 5% of the total US population, abuses alcohol and this statistic has been fairly consistent during recent years. However, the prevalence of alcohol abuse among HIV-positive individuals has been estimated to be between 29 and 60% in the US [1]. Alcohol use has also been implicated as an important risk factor in HIV transmission. In addition, the incidence of HIV infection has been found to be associated with the overall level of alcohol consumption. In a met...
Source: Current HIV Research - August 24, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kumar A Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
HIV neuropathy
Purpose of review: To present an overview of HIV-associated distal symmetric polyneuropathy (HIV-DSP) and other HIV-related peripheral neuropathies in the post-highly active retroviral therapy era.
Recent findings: HIV-DSP has become the most common neurologic complication of HIV largely due to the prolonged survival of HIV-positive patients with the advent of highly active retroviral therapy. HIV-DSP can be attributed to the disease itself or to secondary effects of certain HAART agents, and often the two disease entities cannot be distinguished. HIV-DSP can lead to significant morbidity and interfere with daily activitie...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - October 6, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV NEUROLOGY: Edited by Christopher Power and Bruce J. Brew Source Type: research
Neuropathogenesis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders: roles for immune activation, HIV blipping and viral tropism
Purpose of review: The purpose of this study is to discuss why HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) persist despite apparently effective HIV suppression by highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Recent findings: As many as 50% of HIV-infected individuals suffer from HAND despite ART suppression of HIV replication to apparently undetectable levels in most treated individuals. Prior to ART, HIV-associated dementia (HAD), the severest form of HAND, affected nearly 20% of infected individuals; HAD now affects only nearly 2% of ART-treated persons, although less severe HAND forms persist. Recent studies link pers...
Source: Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS - October 6, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV NEUROLOGY: Edited by Christopher Power and Bruce J. Brew Source Type: research
Citalopram for the Prevention of Depression and Its Consequences in HIV-Hepatitis C Coinfected Individuals Initiating Pegylated Interferon/Ribavirin Therapy: A Multicenter Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial
Conclusions: A strategy of prophylactic citalopram compared to treatment of emergent depression was not associated with higher adherence or a reduction in treatment-limiting depression nor did it significantly reduce depressive symptoms among HIV-HCV coinfected persons during treatment for HCV.
Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 161-175DOI 10.1310/hct1504-161Authors
Marina B. Klein, Division of Infectious Diseases/Chronic Viral Illness Service, Department of Medicine, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, CanadaTerry Lee, Canadian HIV Trials Network, Vancou...
Source: HIV Clinical Trials - August 20, 2014 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: HIV Clinical Trials Source Type: research
HIV-1 Proteins Tat and gp120 Target the Developing Dopaminergic System.
Abstract
The current global estimate of children (< 15 years of age) living with HIV and AIDS is 3.2 million, with the 240,000 newly infected children in the past year, i.e., another child infected approximately every two minutes [1]. The primary mode of HIV infection is through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), occurring either in utero, intrapartum, or during breastfeeding. The effects of HIV-1 on the brain are thought to be mediated, in part, through the viral proteins Tat and gp120. This review focuses on the targets of HIV-1 proteins in the developing DAergic system, which appears to be specifically sus...
Source: Current HIV Research - January 20, 2015 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Fitting S, Booze RM, Mactutus CF Tags: Curr HIV Res Source Type: research
